When Stroke Isn’t Stroke
Introduction
Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) is a rare, immune-mediated
demyelinating disorder that usually follows viral infections or vaccinations. It mainly affects children and
young adults, presenting with multifocal neurological deficits and diffuse MRI abnormalities.
Case
An 18-year-old male presented with right-sided weakness, facial paresthesia, ptosis,
and blurred vision. MRI revealed bilateral white matter hyper intensities, and CSF showed elevated
protein with transient oligo clonal bands. A diagnosis of ADEM was made. The patient was treated with
corticosteroids and achieved full recovery.
Conclusion
ADEM can mimic stroke in young adults; early recognition and corticosteroid therapy are
essential for ensuring complete neurological recovery.
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